Which types of piping are permitted for domestic water distribution systems?

The selection of copper, PVC, PEX, and CPVC for domestic water distribution systems aligns with the Massachusetts Plumbing Code because these materials have been recognized for their suitability in residential plumbing applications.

Copper is prized for its durability and ability to withstand high temperatures and pressures, making it a traditional choice for plumbing. It also has natural antimicrobial properties. PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) is widely used due to its corrosion resistance and lightweight properties, making it easy to handle and install. PEX (cross-linked polyethylene) has become increasingly popular because it is flexible, resistant to scale and chlorine, lower in shipping weight than rigid piping, and can be installed with fewer fittings. CPVC (Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride) is similar to PVC but can handle higher temperatures, making it suitable for both hot and cold water distribution.

Other materials listed have limitations. Steel may corrode over time and isn't typically the choice for potable water systems anymore. Galvanized piping, while historically common, can rust and accumulate scale, affecting water quality. Lead is now prohibited in plumbing due to health risks, and while cast iron is durable, it is primarily used for drainage rather than for potable water systems. Thus, the chosen materials conform with current standards